83 - Prohibition of unlawful killing, taking others’ property and violating their honour

عن جابرِ بنِ عبدِ اللهِ رضي الله عنهما أنَّ رسولَ الله خَطَب النَّاسَ في الحجِّ فقال: «إِنَّ دِمَاءَكُمْ وَأَمْوَالَكُمْ حَرَامٌ عَلَيْكُمْ، كَحُرْمَةِ يَوْمِكُمْ هَذَا، فِي شَهْرِكُمْ هَذَا، فِي بَلَدِكُمْ هَذَا، أَلَا كُلُّ شَيْءٍ مِنْ أَمْرِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ تَحْتَ قَدَمَيَّ مَوْضُوعٌ، وَدِمَاءُ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ مَوْضُوعَةٌ، وَإِنَّ أَوَّلَ دَمٍ أَضَعُ مِنْ دِمَائِنَا دَمُ ابْنِ رَبِيعَةَ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ، كَانَ مُسْتَرْضِعًا فِي بَنِي سَعْدٍ فَقَتَلَتْهُ هُذَيْلٌ، وَرِبَا الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ مَوْضُوعٌ، وَأَوَّلُ رِبًا أَضَعُ رِبَانَا؛ رِبَا عَبَّاسِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ، فَإِنَّهُ مَوْضُوعٌ كُلُّهُ، فَاتَّقُوا اللهَ فِي النِّسَاءِ؛ فَإِنَّكُمْ أَخَذْتُمُوهُنَّ بِأَمَانِ اللهِ، وَاسْتَحْلَلْتُمْ فُرُوجَهُنَّ بِكَلِمَةِ اللهِ، وَلَكُمْ عَلَيْهِنَّ أَنْ لَا يُوطِئْنَ فُرُشَكُمْ أَحَدًا تَكْرَهُونَهُ، فَإِنْ فَعَلْنَ ذَلِكَ فَاضْرِبُوهُنَّ ضَرْبًا غَيْرَ مُبَرِّحٍ، وَلَهُنَّ عَلَيْكُمْ رِزْقُهُنَّ وَكِسْوَتُهُنَّ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ، وَقَدْ تَرَكْتُ فِيكُمْ مَا لَنْ تَضِلُّوا بَعْدَهُ إِنِ اعْتَصَمْتُمْ بِهِ؛ كِتَابُ اللهِ، وَأَنْتُمْ تُسْأَلُونَ عَنِّي، فَمَا أَنْتُمْ قَائِلُونَ؟» قَالُوا: نَشْهَدُ أَنَّكَ قَدْ بَلَّغْتَ وَأَدَّيْتَ وَنَصَحْتَ، فَقَالَ بِإِصْبَعِهِ السَّبَّابَةِ، يَرْفَعُهَا إِلَى السَّمَاءِ وَيَنْكُتُهَا إِلَى النَّاسِ: «اللهُمَّ اشْهَدْ، اللهُمَّ اشْهَدْ» ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ.

Jābir ibn ‘Abdullāh narrated that God’s Messenger addressed the people during the days of the hajj and said:

1. Your blood and your property are forbidden to you to violate in the same way as the sanctity of this day of yours, in this month of yours, in this city of yours. 2. All claims pertaining to the days of Ignorance [i.e. pre-Islamic] are under my two feet and invalid. 3. Vengeance killings of pre-Islamic days are written off. The first killing I write off is that of Ibn Rabī‘ah ibn al-Ḥārith: he was being nursed in the clan of Banī Sa‘d, but the Hudhayl tribe killed him. 4. The usury of pre-Islamic days is hereby written off, and the first usury I thus write off is the one belonging to us [i.e. his clan], the usury of ‘Abbās ibn ‘Abd al-Muṭṭalib. It is all written off. 5. Fear God in your treatment of women. You take them in trust granted by God, and they become lawful to you by God’s word. 6. They have a duty towards you that they do not admit into your homes anyone you dislike. If they do this, you may discipline them without severity. Your duty towards them is to feed and clothe them according to what is reasonable. 7. I am leaving with you what ensures you shall never go astray if you hold on to it: God’s Book. 8. You shall be asked about me; so what will you say? They said: We testify that you have delivered your message and given sound counsel. He pointed with his forefinger to the sky and to the people, and said: ‘My Lord, bear witness, My lord, bear witness’ three times.

Related by Muslim, 1218.

Hadith translations

عن جابرِ بنِ عبدِ اللهِ رضي الله عنهما أنَّ رسولَ الله ﷺ خَطَب النَّاسَ في الحجِّ فقال: «إِنَّ دِمَاءَكُمْ وَأَمْوَالَكُمْ حَرَامٌ عَلَيْكُمْ، كَحُرْمَةِ يَوْمِكُمْ هَذَا، فِي شَهْرِكُمْ هَذَا، فِي بَلَدِكُمْ هَذَا، أَلَا كُلُّ شَيْءٍ مِنْ أَمْرِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ تَحْتَ قَدَمَيَّ مَوْضُوعٌ، وَدِمَاءُ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ مَوْضُوعَةٌ، وَإِنَّ أَوَّلَ دَمٍ أَضَعُ مِنْ دِمَائِنَا دَمُ ابْنِ رَبِيعَةَ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ، كَانَ مُسْتَرْضِعًا فِي بَنِي سَعْدٍ فَقَتَلَتْهُ هُذَيْلٌ، وَرِبَا الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ مَوْضُوعٌ، وَأَوَّلُ رِبًا أَضَعُ رِبَانَا؛ رِبَا عَبَّاسِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ، فَإِنَّهُ مَوْضُوعٌ كُلُّهُ، فَاتَّقُوا اللهَ فِي النِّسَاءِ؛ فَإِنَّكُمْ أَخَذْتُمُوهُنَّ بِأَمَانِ اللهِ، وَاسْتَحْلَلْتُمْ فُرُوجَهُنَّ بِكَلِمَةِ اللهِ، وَلَكُمْ عَلَيْهِنَّ أَنْ لَا يُوطِئْنَ فُرُشَكُمْ أَحَدًا تَكْرَهُونَهُ، فَإِنْ فَعَلْنَ ذَلِكَ فَاضْرِبُوهُنَّ ضَرْبًا غَيْرَ مُبَرِّحٍ، وَلَهُنَّ عَلَيْكُمْ رِزْقُهُنَّ وَكِسْوَتُهُنَّ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ، وَقَدْ تَرَكْتُ فِيكُمْ مَا لَنْ تَضِلُّوا بَعْدَهُ إِنِ اعْتَصَمْتُمْ بِهِ؛ كِتَابُ اللهِ، وَأَنْتُمْ تُسْأَلُونَ عَنِّي، فَمَا أَنْتُمْ قَائِلُونَ؟» قَالُوا: نَشْهَدُ أَنَّكَ قَدْ بَلَّغْتَ وَأَدَّيْتَ وَنَصَحْتَ، فَقَالَ بِإِصْبَعِهِ السَّبَّابَةِ، يَرْفَعُهَا إِلَى السَّمَاءِ وَيَنْكُتُهَا إِلَى النَّاسِ: «اللهُمَّ اشْهَدْ، اللهُمَّ اشْهَدْ» ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ.

Jābir ibn ‘Abdullāh narrated that God’s Messenger addressed the people during the days of the hajj and said: 1. Your blood and your property are forbidden to you to violate in the same way as the sanctity of this day of yours, in this month of yours, in this city of yours. 2. All claims pertaining to the days of Ignorance [i.e. pre-Islamic] are under my two feet and invalid. 3. Vengeance killings of pre-Islamic days are written off. The first killing I write off is that of Ibn Rabī‘ah ibn al-Ḥārith: he was being nursed in the clan of Banī Sa‘d, but the Hudhayl tribe killed him. 4. The usury of pre-Islamic days is hereby written off, and the first usury I thus write off is the one belonging to us [i.e. his clan], the usury of ‘Abbās ibn ‘Abd al-Muṭṭalib. It is all written off. 5. Fear God in your treatment of women. You take them in trust granted by God, and they become lawful to you by God’s word. 6. They have a duty towards you that they do not admit into your homes anyone you dislike. If they do this, you may discipline them without severity. Your duty towards them is to feed and clothe them according to what is reasonable. 7. I am leaving with you what ensures you shall never go astray if you hold on to it: God’s Book. 8. You shall be asked about me; so what will you say? They said: We testify that you have delivered your message and given sound counsel. He pointed with his forefinger to the sky and to the people, and said: ‘My Lord, bear witness, My lord, bear witness’ three times. Related by Muslim, 1218.

Jabir Ibn ‘Abd Allah – Allah a agréé les deux hommes – rapporte que le Messager d’Allah prononça un sermon aux gens pendant le pèlerinage et dit : 1. « Vos vies et vos biens sont sacrés comme l’est ce jour-ci, en ce mois-ci et dans ce pays que voici. 2. J’abolis toute chose héritée de l’époque préislamique. 3. Tout sang versé durant l’époquepréislamique ne doit plus être revendiqué, à commencer par le premier sang de notre famille qui ne doit plus être revendiqué et qui est celui du fils de Rabi’a Ibn Al-Harith, allaité chez les Banou Sa’d et tué par la tribu de Houdhayl. 4. De même, l’usure de l’époque préislamique est abolie et la première usure abolie est la nôtre, 5. Craignez Allah en ce qui concerne vos épouses, car vous les avez prises en vertu du pacte d’Allah et elles vous sont devenues licites par la parole d’Allah. 6. Vous avez le droit d’exiger d’elles quela personne que vous détestez ne s’assoe isur votre literie et si elles désobéissent, frappez-les, mais pas durement. Pour leur part, elles ont le droit que vous les nourrissiez et que vous les habilliez convenablement. 7. En vérité, j'ai laissé parmi vous ce qui vous préservera de l'égarement si vous vous y cramponnez, celle pratiquée par ‘Abbass Ibn ‘Abd Al-Mottalib qui est totalement abolie. c’est le Livre d’Allah.  8. Si on vous interroge à mon sujet, que direz-vous ? ». Les gens répondirent : « Nous attesterons que tu as transmis le Message, que tu as accompli ta mission et que tu as été sincère dans tes conseils ». Il dit alors en levant l'index vers le ciel puis en le pointant vers les gens, à trois reprises : « Ô Allah, je Te prends à témoin. Ô Allah, je Te prends à témoin »

Dari Jabir bin Abdullah رضي الله عنهما bahwasanya Rasulullah ﷺ berkhutbah di hadapan orang banyak pada saat haji, beliau bersabda, 1. “Sesungguhnya darah dan harta benda kalian adalah haram (terpelihara) antara sesama kalian, sebagaimana keharaman hari ini, di bulan ini, dan negeri kalian ini. 2. Ketahuilah bahwa setiap perkara jahiliah terletak di bawah kedua telapak kakiku. 3. Semua tuntutan darah (utang nyawa) selama masa jahiliah tidak berlaku lagi, dan tuntutan darah pertama yang aku hapuskan adalah darah Ibnu Rabi’ah bin Al-Hariš yang menyusu di Bani Sa'ad, kemudian ia dibunuh oleh orang-orang Huæail. 4. Riba jahiliah juga telah dihapuskan, dan riba pertama yang aku hapuskan adalah riba (keluarga) kami, yaitu riba Abbas bin Abdul Muþþalib. Sesungguhnya riba tersebut semuanya telah dihapuskan. 5. Bertakwalah kalian kepada Allah dalam urusan wanita, sesungguhnya kalian (wahai kaum laki-laki) mengambil mereka dengan amanah Allah, dan menghalalkan farji (kemaluan) mereka dengan kalimat Allah. 6. Kalian memiliki hak (yang wajib) atas istri-istri kalian, yaitu mereka tidak mempersilakan orang yang tidak kalian sukai menginjak permadani kalian (memasuki rumah kalian). Apabila mereka melakukan hal tersebut, maka pukullah mereka dengan pukulan yang tidak menyakitkan. Mereka memiliki hak (yang wajib) atas kalian untuk memberikan makan serta pakaian kepada mereka dengan cara yang baik. 7. Aku tinggalkan pada kalian sesuatu yang kalian tidak akan tersesat setelahnya apabila kalian berpegang teguh dengannya, yaitu Kitab Allah (Al-Qur`an).  8. Kalian akan ditanya tentang aku, apakah pendapat kalian? Mereka menjawab, ‘Kami bersaksi bahwa engkau telah menyampaikan dan menunaikan risalah serta memberikan nasihat. Kemudian dengan mengangkat jari telunjuk ke langit dan mengarahkannya kepada orang-orang seraya bersabda, ‘Ya Allah, saksikanlah, ya Allah saksikanlah,’ sebanyak tiga kali.”

Kutoka kwa Jabir bin Abdullah, Mwenyezi Mungu awe radhi nao wote wawili, kwamba Mtume wa Mwenyezi Mungu rehma na amani zumshukie aliwahutubia watu wakati wa Hija, na akasema: 1. Damu zenu na mali zenu ni tukufu kwenu, kama utukufu wa siku yenu hii, katika mwezi wenu huu, katika mji wenu huu, 2. Fahamuni ya kwamba, kila kitu kilichokuwepo zama za kabla ya Uislamu chini ya miguu yangu kimefutwa? 3. Damu ya visasi vya Jahiliyyah zimefutwa, na damu ya kwanza kuifutilia mbali ni katika damu yetu ilikuwa ni damu ya Ibn Rabi`ah Ibn al-Harith. Alikuwa amelala kitandani huko kwa Bani Sa'd, na Hazal akamuua. 4. Riba ya Jaahiliyyah imefutwa, na riba ya kwanza ninayoifuta ni Riba ya Abbas bin Abdul Muttalib, hakika yote imefutwa. 5. Basi mcheni Mwenyezi Mungu kwa wanawake. Mliwachukua kwa amana ya Mwenyezi Mungu, na mkahalalishiwa sehemu zao za siri kwa neno la Mwenyezi Mungu. 6. Ni wajibu kwa wao kwamba mtu yeyote asikanyage tandiko lenu. Wakifanya hivyo basi wapigeni si kwa ukali. Na ni wajibu kwenu chakula chao na kuwavisha kwa wema. 7. Nimewaachieni kitu ambacho nyinyi hamtapotea baada ya hayo, ikiwa mtashikamana nacho; nacho ni Kitabu cha Mwenyezi Mungu, Na ninyi mtaulizwa kuhusu mimi mtasemaje? Maswahaba Wakasema: Tunashuhudia kwamba umewasilisha, umetekeleza, na umetoa ushauri. Naye akasema Kwa kidole chake cha shahada, huku akikiinua mbinguni na kukielekeza kwa watu: "Ee Mwenyezi Mungu shuhudia, Ee Mungu shuhudia" mara tatu

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