Prohibition of unlawful killing, taking others’ property and violating their honour

عن جابرِ بنِ عبدِ اللهِ رضي الله عنهما أنَّ رسولَ الله ﷺ خَطَب النَّاسَ في الحجِّ فقال: «إِنَّ دِمَاءَكُمْ وَأَمْوَالَكُمْ حَرَامٌ عَلَيْكُمْ، كَحُرْمَةِ يَوْمِكُمْ هَذَا، فِي شَهْرِكُمْ هَذَا، فِي بَلَدِكُمْ هَذَا، أَلَا كُلُّ شَيْءٍ مِنْ أَمْرِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ تَحْتَ قَدَمَيَّ مَوْضُوعٌ، وَدِمَاءُ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ مَوْضُوعَةٌ، وَإِنَّ أَوَّلَ دَمٍ أَضَعُ مِنْ دِمَائِنَا دَمُ ابْنِ رَبِيعَةَ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ، كَانَ مُسْتَرْضِعًا فِي بَنِي سَعْدٍ فَقَتَلَتْهُ هُذَيْلٌ، وَرِبَا الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ مَوْضُوعٌ، وَأَوَّلُ رِبًا أَضَعُ رِبَانَا؛ رِبَا عَبَّاسِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ، فَإِنَّهُ مَوْضُوعٌ كُلُّهُ، فَاتَّقُوا اللهَ فِي النِّسَاءِ؛ فَإِنَّكُمْ أَخَذْتُمُوهُنَّ بِأَمَانِ اللهِ، وَاسْتَحْلَلْتُمْ فُرُوجَهُنَّ بِكَلِمَةِ اللهِ، وَلَكُمْ عَلَيْهِنَّ أَنْ لَا يُوطِئْنَ فُرُشَكُمْ أَحَدًا تَكْرَهُونَهُ، فَإِنْ فَعَلْنَ ذَلِكَ فَاضْرِبُوهُنَّ ضَرْبًا غَيْرَ مُبَرِّحٍ، وَلَهُنَّ عَلَيْكُمْ رِزْقُهُنَّ وَكِسْوَتُهُنَّ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ، وَقَدْ تَرَكْتُ فِيكُمْ مَا لَنْ تَضِلُّوا بَعْدَهُ إِنِ اعْتَصَمْتُمْ بِهِ؛ كِتَابُ اللهِ، وَأَنْتُمْ تُسْأَلُونَ عَنِّي، فَمَا أَنْتُمْ قَائِلُونَ؟» قَالُوا: نَشْهَدُ أَنَّكَ قَدْ بَلَّغْتَ وَأَدَّيْتَ وَنَصَحْتَ، فَقَالَ بِإِصْبَعِهِ السَّبَّابَةِ، يَرْفَعُهَا إِلَى السَّمَاءِ وَيَنْكُتُهَا إِلَى النَّاسِ: «اللهُمَّ اشْهَدْ، اللهُمَّ اشْهَدْ» ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ.

تحميل الملف الصوتي

Jābir ibn ‘Abdullāh narrated that God’s Messenger addressed the people during the days of the hajj and said:

1. Your blood and your property are forbidden to you to violate in the same way as the sanctity of this day of yours, in this month of yours, in this city of yours. 2. All claims pertaining to the days of Ignorance [i.e. pre-Islamic] are under my two feet and invalid. 3. Vengeance killings of pre-Islamic days are written off. The first killing I write off is that of Ibn Rabī‘ah ibn al-Ḥārith: he was being nursed in the clan of Banī Sa‘d, but the Hudhayl tribe killed him. 4. The usury of pre-Islamic days is hereby written off, and the first usury I thus write off is the one belonging to us [i.e. his clan], the usury of ‘Abbās ibn ‘Abd al-Muṭṭalib. It is all written off. 5. Fear God in your treatment of women. You take them in trust granted by God, and they become lawful to you by God’s word. 6. They have a duty towards you that they do not admit into your homes anyone you dislike. If they do this, you may discipline them without severity. Your duty towards them is to feed and clothe them according to what is reasonable. 7. I am leaving with you what ensures you shall never go astray if you hold on to it: God’s Book. 8. You shall be asked about me; so what will you say? They said: We testify that you have delivered your message and given sound counsel. He pointed with his forefinger to the sky and to the people, and said: ‘My Lord, bear witness, My lord, bear witness’ three times.

Related by Muslim, 1218.

Related Quranic Verses

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Do not devour one another’s property wrongfully, nor bribe with it the judges in order that you may sinfully, and knowingly, deprive others of any part of what is rightfully theirs.

(2: 188)

Believers, fear God and give up what remains outstanding of usury gains, if you are true believers. (278) If you do not, then war is declared against you by God and His Messenger. If you repent, however, you shall remain entitled to your principal. Thus, you shall commit no wrong, nor suffer any wrong yourselves.

(2: 278-279)

Men shall take full care of women with the bounties with which God has favoured some of them more abundantly than others, and with what they may spend of their own wealth. The righteous women are devout, guarding the intimacy which God has ordained to be guarded. As for those women from whom you have reason to fear rebellion, admonish them [first]; then leave them alone in bed; waḍribūhunn. Then, if they pay you heed, do not seek any pretext to harm them. God is indeed most high, great. .

(4: 34)

He who deliberately kills a believer, his punishment is Hell, therein to abide permanently. God will be angry with him, and will reject him, and will prepare for him a dreadful suffering.

(4: 93)